This guide is essential for those new to coding, unfamiliar with programming collaboration, or beginners who found learning Git and GitHub confusing. It explains Git and GitHub—essential development tools—in an easy-to-understand way using relatable analogies, helping anyone grasp and utilize them effortlessly.
Below, you can review the concepts of Git and GitHub, commonly used terminology, understanding their structure, and security precautions.
🔍 이 글과 함께 알아두면 좋은 꿀팁
📌 “그냥 쓰면 큰일 나요!” — GitHub 올리기 전 확인 필수!
처음 GitHub에 코드를 올리는 분들 중에는 실수로 API 키, 비밀번호 같은 민감한 정보를 포함하는 경우가 많아요. 이렇게 되면 보안 사고가 생길 수 있죠.
💡 해결 방법은 .gitignore 파일을 설정해 중요한 파일을 아예 업로드되지 않도록 관리하는 것이에요.
이 외에도 GitHub 사용 시 꼭 알아야 할 보안 주의사항은 이 글에서 확인하세요!🛠️ Easily Understand Git and GitHub Concepts
We've organized the basic concepts and differences between Git and GitHub with analogies for easy understanding.
📋 Key Concepts of Git and GitHub
| Concept | Definition | Analogy | Installation Location |
|---|---|---|---|
| Git | Change History Storage Tool | Diary📓 | My Computer |
| GitHub | Git User Collaboration Space | Library📚 | Internet |
| GitHub Desktop | Tools that make Git and GitHub easy to use | TV Remote🎮 | My Computer |
- Git is a tool that stores and manages the history of file changes on your computer.
- GitHub is a space for storing and sharing files created with Git on the internet.
- GitHub Desktop is a program that helps you easily use Git and GitHub.
📚 Common Git and GitHub Terms Explained
This table explains terms frequently used in Git and GitHub in simple terms.
🖥 Common Git Terms
| Term | Meaning | Analogy |
|---|---|---|
| Repository | Project folder | File storage📁 |
| Commit | Save Work | Write Journal📓 |
| Branch | Feature Experiment Space | Notebook📄 |
| Merge | Merge Code | Bundle Posts |
| Push | Push to GitHub | Posting to the library |
| Pull | Pull from GitHub | Download the diary |
🌐 Common terms on GitHub
| Term | Meaning | Analogy |
|---|---|---|
| Fork | Copy a project | Copy a friend's note |
| Pull Request | Change Request | Request Teacher Review |
| Issue | Issue Proposal | Board📝 |
| Clone | Copy from GitHub | Book Borrowing |
| Actions | Run Automated Tasks | Automation Robot🤖 |
- A commit saves your changes; think of it like "writing in a diary."
- Pushing is the action of uploading from your computer to GitHub, like shelving a book in the library.
- A Pull Request is asking others to review your work and merge it.
🧩 Understanding the Structure: Where do Git, GitHub, and GitHub Desktop fit?
Let's organize the structure of Git and GitHub at a glance.
scss복사편집내 컴퓨터
├─ Git (변경 이력 관리)
├─ GitHub Desktop (편리한 도구)
인터넷
└─ GitHub (코드 협업 공간)
- Git is installed on your computer and used locally.
- GitHub is an online platform used on the web.
- GitHub Desktop is a tool that easily connects Git and GitHub on your computer.
✅ Handy Tip:
Think of Git as a 📓diary, GitHub as a 📚library, and GitHub Desktop as a 🎮remote control!
🚨 Important GitHub Precautions: Security is essential!
Here are the security rules you must follow when using GitHub.
| Precautions | Description | Analogy |
|---|---|---|
| Prohibition of Sensitive Information | Do not upload passwords or API keys | Like leaving your house key in front of the door |
| Use .gitignore | Set up upload prevention files | Hide in a safe |
| Verify before committing | Always review commit content | Verify before sending messages |
| Caution with public repositories | Keep sensitive information private | Posting personal information on bulletin boards |
| Review trustworthiness when cloning | Beware of malware | Plugging in unknown USB drives |
- Always manage sensitive information
.gitignoreManage it securely. - When setting a project to public, always verify that it does not contain passwords, keys, or similar sensitive information.
- When copying code, it's crucial to develop the habit of verifying the source is trustworthy.
⚠️ Precautions When Using Git Commands
Here are precautions and usage examples for frequently used Git commands.
| Command | Precautions | Good Example | Bad Example |
|---|---|---|---|
| Commit | Use meaningful messages | feat: 로그인 기능 추가 | 수정 |
| Branch | Work on a separate branch | git checkout -b feat/login | – |
| Merge | Check for conflicts | git merge 브랜치명 | – |
| Push | Push after reviewing changes | git push origin main | – |
| Pull | Must update to latest version before working | git pull origin main | – |
- Writing simple and clear commit messages makes tracking easier later.
- Always add features in a separate branch, not directly on the main branch.
- Resolving conflicts before merging is essential.
❓Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)
We've compiled frequently asked questions about Git and GitHub.
Do I have to use Git and GitHub together? You can
use Git alone, but using GitHub alongside it makes collaboration and backup much more convenient.
Is GitHub free?
Basic features are free, while private repositories and additional features require a paid plan.
Do I have to install GitHub Desktop?
It's not mandatory, but it's very useful if you're not familiar with Git commands.
Why are Push and Pull important?
Push uploads your work, and Pull fetches others' work. They're essential for collaboration.
Why should I use branches? They help manage code safely
when working on multiple features simultaneously or experimenting.
How do I set up .gitignore? Simply list the
filenames you don't want uploaded .gitignore in a file.
How do I manage sensitive information? Separate it into
files like .env and configure it not to be uploaded via .gitignore.
What if a merge conflict occurs? Manually resolve
the conflicting changes, then commit and push again.
What are GitHub Actions? They automate tasks like building
, testing, and deploying your code.
📢 Additional useful information
💻 How to install Git
| Operating System | Installation Method | Link |
|---|---|---|
| Windows | Install Git for Windows | Official Site |
| macOS | Using Homebrew | brew install git |
| Linux | Using a Package Manager | sudo apt install git etc. |
- Git can be downloaded from the official website.
- After installation, don't forget to set your user information with the `git config` command!
